RESEARCH

Work packages

WP1 · 2027

Operationalising annotation of denotational and connotational meaning

Planned activities

Selection of mental-health target words; collection of contextualized usages from everyday online discourse, clinical and scientific literature, and LLM-generated text; pilot and validate annotation protocols for semantic proximity, valence and arousal.

Expected outcome

A validated multilingual annotation protocol and curated contextualized usage dataset.

WP2 · Late 2027–2028

Human-grounded characterisation of meaning variation

Planned activities

Collect human annotations of contextualized usages and usage pairs. Compare participants with and without self-reported lived experience of mental illness. Construct separate Word Usage Graphs for semantic proximity, valence and arousal and compare clusters across groups and sources.

Expected outcome

A human-annotated multilingual benchmark characterizing meaning variation across contexts and participant groups.

WP3 · 2028–2029

Comparing human and AI meaning representations

Planned activities

Evaluate contextualized representation models and LLMs as computational annotators. Compare predictions with human judgments at Word-in-Context (WiC), Word Sense Induction (WSI) and Graded Change Detection (GCD) levels, including affective dimensions.

Expected outcome

Systematic evaluation of how models encode and recover denotational and connotational meaning.

WP4 · 2029

Guardrails for safe mental-health interactions

Planned activities

Assess existing guardrails for clinical–colloquial disambiguation, over-pathologization and under-recognition of distress. Develop and evaluate targeted hybrid safeguards and guidance for input-, generation- and output-stage interventions.

Expected outcome

Prototype guardrails and design guidelines for safer human–AI interaction.